Raporo y’ubushakashatsi ivuga ko mu 2020, robo nshya 41.000 zigendanwa zongewe ku isoko ry’Ubushinwa, ubwiyongere bwa 22.75% ugereranyije n’umwaka wa 2019. Isoko ryagurishije ryageze kuri miliyari 7.68 z’amayuani, ubwiyongere bwa 24.4% ugereranyije n’umwaka.
Muri iki gihe, ubwoko bubiri bwa robo zigendanwa zivugwa cyane ku isoko ni AGV na AMR. Ariko abaturage ntibaramenya byinshi ku itandukaniro riri hagati y’izo robo, bityo umwanditsi azabisobanura birambuye binyuze muri iyi nkuru.
1. Gusobanura neza igitekerezo
-AGV
AGV (Imodoka Iyoborwa Yikora) ni ikinyabiziga kiyoborwa kikora, gishobora gusobanura ikinyabiziga gitwara abantu gishingiye ku ikoranabuhanga ritandukanye ryo gushyira ibintu mu mwanya wacyo no ku kiyobora hatabayeho gutwara abantu.
Mu 1953, AGV ya mbere yasohotse itangira gukoreshwa buhoro buhoro mu nganda, bityo AGV ishobora gusobanurwa nka: ikinyabiziga gikemura ikibazo cyo gutwara no gutwara abantu nta muntu ubifitiye ububasha mu bijyanye n'ibikoresho by'inganda. AGV za mbere zasobanurwaga nk'"abatwara abantu bagenda ku mirongo y'ubuyobozi ishyizwe hasi." Nubwo imaze imyaka irenga 40 itera imbere, AGV ziracyakeneye gukoresha ubuyobozi bw'amashanyarazi, ubuyobozi bw'umurongo w'ubuyobozi bwa magnetic, ubuyobozi bw'amakode y'ibice bibiri n'ubundi buryo bw'ikoranabuhanga nk'inkunga yo kuyobora.
-AMR
AMR, ni ukuvuga roboti igendanwa yigenga. Muri rusange yerekeza kuri roboti zo mu bubiko zishobora gushyira no kugenda mu buryo bwigenga.
Roboti za AGV na AMR zishyirwa mu byiciro bya roboti zigendanwa zo mu nganda, kandi AGV zatangiye mbere y’izo AMR, ariko AMR zigenda zifata isoko rinini hamwe n’inyungu zazo zidasanzwe. Kuva mu 2019, AMR yagiye yemerwa buhoro buhoro n’abaturage. Ukurikije imiterere y’isoko, igipimo cya AMR mu roboti zigendanwa zo mu nganda kiziyongera buri mwaka, kandi byitezwe ko kizaba kirenga 40% muri 2024 n’ibirenga 45% by’isoko mu 2025.
2. Kugereranya Ibyiza
1). Uburyo bwo kugenzura bwigenga:
AGV ni igikoresho cyikora kigomba gukora imirimo ikurikije inzira yateguwe kandi gikurikije amabwiriza yashyizweho, kandi kidashobora gusubiza mu buryo bworoshye impinduka ziri aho zibera.
AMR ikoresha cyane cyane ikoranabuhanga rya SLAM laser navigation, rishobora kumenya ikarita y’ibidukikije mu buryo bwigenga, ntirikeneye kwishingikiriza ku bikoresho byo hanze byo gushyiramo amakuru, rishobora kugenda mu buryo bwigenga, rigashaka inzira nziza yo gutoranya, kandi rikarinda inzitizi, kandi rizajya mu mwanya wo gushyushya igihe ingufu zigeze ku rugero rwo hejuru. AMR ishobora gukora imirimo yose yashinzwe mu buryo bw'ubwenge no mu buryo bworoshye.
2). Gukoresha ibintu mu buryo bworoshye:
Mu bihe byinshi bisaba uburyo bworoshye bwo kuyikoresha, AGV ntizishobora guhindura umurongo wo kuyikoresha mu buryo bworoshye, kandi biroroshye kuyifunga ku murongo w’ubuyobozi mu gihe cy’ikoreshwa ry’imashini nyinshi, bityo bigira ingaruka ku musaruro w’akazi, bityo ubushobozi bwo kuyikoresha ntibube bwinshi kandi ntibushobora guhaza ibyo uruhande rw’ikoreshwa rukeneye.
AMR ikora igenamigambi ryoroshye ryo gushyiraho ibikoresho mu gace gashoboka mu rwego rw'ikarita, igihe cyose ubugari bw'umuyoboro buhagije, ibigo bishinzwe ibikoresho bishobora guhindura umubare w'imikorere ya robo mu gihe nyacyo hakurikijwe ingano y'ibyiciro, no gukora igenamigambi ry'imikorere hakurikijwe ibyo abakiriya bakeneye kugira ngo bongere imikorere myiza y'imashini nyinshi. Byongeye kandi, uko ubwinshi bw'ubucuruzi bukomeza kwiyongera, ibigo bishinzwe ibikoresho bishobora kwagura porogaramu za AMR ku giciro gito cyane.
3). Imiterere y'ikoreshwa
AGV ni nk' "umuntu w'igikoresho" udafite ibitekerezo bye bwite, akwiriye gutwara abantu ahantu runaka hamwe n'ubucuruzi buhamye, ubucuruzi bworoshye n'ubunini buto.
Bitewe n'imiterere y'inzira zigenga hamwe no gutegura inzira zigenga, AMR ikwiriye cyane ahantu hahinduka kandi hagoye. Byongeye kandi, iyo ahantu hakorerwa ibikorwa ari hanini, inyungu y'ikiguzi cyo gushyiraho AMR irushaho kugaragara.
4). Inyungu ku ishoramari
Kimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi ibigo bikora ibijyanye n'ibikoresho bigomba kuzirikana mu kuvugurura ububiko bwabyo ni inyungu ku ishoramari.
Ibiciro bihagaze: AGV zigomba kuvugurura ububiko bunini mu gihe cyo gushyiraho ibikoresho kugira ngo zihuze n'imikorere ya AGV. AMR ntizisaba impinduka ku miterere y'ikigo, kandi gucunga cyangwa gutoranya bishobora gukorwa vuba kandi neza. Uburyo bwo gukorana n'abantu bushobora kugabanya umubare w'abakozi, bityo bikagabanya ikiguzi cy'abakozi. Uburyo bworoshye bwo gukora bwa robo bugabanya cyane ikiguzi cy'amahugurwa.
Uburyo bwo gukora neza: AMR igabanya neza intera abakozi banyuramo, ikemerera abakozi kwibanda ku bikorwa bifite agaciro gakomeye, kandi ikongera imikorere myiza. Muri icyo gihe, icyiciro cyose kuva mu gutanga imirimo kugeza ku kurangiza imicungire ya sisitemu no gukurikirana kirashyirwa mu bikorwa, ibi bikaba bishobora kugabanya cyane umuvuduko w'amakosa mu mikorere y'abakozi.
3. Ejo hazaza harageze
Iterambere rikomeye ry’inganda za AMR, rishingiye ku ihinduka ry’ubwenge mu gihe cy’ibihe bikomeye, ntaho ritandukaniye n’ubushakashatsi buhoraho n’iterambere rihoraho ry’abakora mu nganda. Isesengura rya Interact riteganya ko isoko ry’imashini zigendanwa ku isi ryitezwe ko rizarenga miliyari 10.5 z’amadolari mu 2023, aho iterambere nyamukuru rizaturuka mu Bushinwa na Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, aho amasosiyete ya AMR afite icyicaro muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika agize 48% by’isoko.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-25-2023